General Aspects and Recent Advances on Bacterial Protein Toxins

General aspects and recent advances on bacterial protein toxins.

Bacterial pathogens produce protein toxins to influence host-pathogen interactions and tip the outcome of these encounters toward the benefit of the pathogen. Protein toxins modify host-specific targets through posttranslational modifications (PTMs) or noncovalent interactions that may inhibit or activate host cell physiology to benefit the pathogen. Recent advances have identified new PTMs and...

Bioremediation of Pesticides by Microorganisms: General Aspects and Recent Advances

Recent Advances in Research on Widow Spider Venoms and Toxins

Widow spiders have received much attention due to the frequently reported human and animal injures caused by them. Elucidation of the molecular composition and action mechanism of the venoms and toxins has vast implications in the treatment of latrodectism and in the neurobiology and pharmaceutical research. In recent years, the studies of the widow spider venoms and the venom toxins, particula...

Recent Chemical Investigations of Bacterial Toxins.

Part I. The Production of Bacterial Toxins .. 4 1. The use of media of simplified composition.......................... 4 2. The possible relationship of oxidation-reduction systems to the formation of toxins............................................. 6 3. Other factors affecting the formation of toxins .......... .......... 8 4. Toxins as products of secretion, autolysis, or the action of en...

Menkes disease: recent advances and new aspects.

Copper is the third most abundant trace element in the body, after iron and zinc, and it is required for the normal function of several important copper enzymes. However, the same element in excess is highly toxic and has detrimental effects. Fine regulation of intracellular copper homeostasis is therefore vitally important and disturbance of this balance is reflected in two hereditary disorder...